A small vowel difference can signal a change of voice.
FormAnalysisLiteral function
خِفْتُActive perfectI feared
خُفْتُPassive perfectI was feared
قُلْتُActive perfect of qālaI said
قِلْتُPassive perfect of qālaI was spoken of / said
Do not identify a form from its consonantal skeleton alone. Vowels and voice matter. Morphological paradigms may present grammatical passive forms without implying that all literal translations are equally idiomatic in ordinary contexts.
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Advanced Sarf Application: Ambiguous Forms, Weak-Letter Reasoning and Error Correction
A small vowel difference can signal a change of voice.
FormAnalysisLiteral function
خِفْتُActive perfectI feared
خُفْتُPassive perfectI was feared
قُلْتُActive perfect of qālaI said
قِلْتُPassive perfect of qālaI was spoken of / said
Do not identify a form from its consonantal skeleton alone. Vowels and voice matter. Morphological paradigms may present grammatical passive forms without implying that all literal translations are equally idiomatic in ordinary contexts.