LessonsAl-Ḥāl: Definition, Its Referent, Governing Element and TypesQuiz

نَحْوُ: «جَاءَنِي زَيْدٌ رَاكِبًا، وَضَرَبْتُ زَيْدًا مَشْدُودًا، وَلَقِيتُ عَمْرًا رَاكِبَيْنِ».
Translation: For example: Zayd came to me riding; I struck Zayd while he was bound; I met ʿAmr while we were both riding.

The first describes the subject, the second the object, and the third both. Meaning—not the final vowel alone—determines the referent.

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The Three Core Examples in the Book

Al-Ḥāl: Definition, Its Referent, Governing Element and Types

نَحْوُ: «جَاءَنِي زَيْدٌ رَاكِبًا، وَضَرَبْتُ زَيْدًا مَشْدُودًا، وَلَقِيتُ عَمْرًا رَاكِبَيْنِ».
Translation: For example: Zayd came to me riding; I struck Zayd while he was bound; I met ʿAmr while we were both riding.

The first describes the subject, the second the object, and the third both. Meaning—not the final vowel alone—determines the referent.