1. Identify the noun-to-noun relationship: is the first noun added to the second?
2. Check the mudāf for omission of tanwīn or the dual/plural nūn.
3. Determine the mudāf’s own sentence role and case separately.
4. Parse the second noun as genitive mudāf ilayh, then decide whether the construct is semantic or formal.
Do not infer iḍāfah merely from a kasrah; an overt preposition can also cause the genitive.
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Al-Majrūrāt — Semantic and Formal Iḍāfah
1. Identify the noun-to-noun relationship: is the first noun added to the second?
2. Check the mudāf for omission of tanwīn or the dual/plural nūn.
3. Determine the mudāf’s own sentence role and case separately.
4. Parse the second noun as genitive mudāf ilayh, then decide whether the construct is semantic or formal.
Do not infer iḍāfah merely from a kasrah; an overt preposition can also cause the genitive.