1. Find the governor and the antecedent’s role.
2. Ask whether the next term gives an identity or describes a quality.
3. If it identifies, consider ʿaṭf al-bayān.
4. Give the follower the antecedent’s case.
5. Check whether badal is also possible under the relevant construction.
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A practical parsing method
ʿAṭf al-Bayān: Definition, Examples, and Contrast with Badal
1. Find the governor and the antecedent’s role.
2. Ask whether the next term gives an identity or describes a quality.
3. If it identifies, consider ʿaṭf al-bayān.
4. Give the follower the antecedent’s case.
5. Check whether badal is also possible under the relevant construction.