Conjugating the Present Passive Tense (Mudhaari' Majhool)

Read the bilingual lesson for Conjugating the Present Passive Tense (Mudhaari' Majhool) and test your understanding with a focused quiz.

Lesson

1. Introduction to Fi'l Mudhaari' Majhool

◦ Fi'l Mudhaari' Majhool (مضارع مجہول) represents the passive voice of the present and future tense. ◦ It describes an action being done, or expected to be done in the future, where the actor remains unknown or unnamed. ◦ Example: "He is being helped" or "He will be helped". ◦ This lesson presents a simple vocalic shift to transform active present to passive present.

2. The Passive Present Derivation Rule

◦ To turn an active present verb (يَفْعُلُ) into passive present (يُفْعَلُ), apply these steps: ◦ Sign of Mudhaari' (first letter): Replace its vowel with a Dhummah (پیش). ◦ Ayn-letter (middle root letter): Replace its vowel with a Fathah (زبر). ◦ Laam-letter (final letter): Leave it on its original state. ◦ Transformation: يَفْعُلُ (Active) → يُفْعَلُ (Passive). ◦ CROSS_PAGE_SOURCE_EXAMPLE: يَنْصُرُ (helps - ) → يُنْصَرُ (is helped - ).

3. The 14 Present Passive Conjugation Table

Person/genderSingularDualPlural Third person masculineيُفْعَلُيُفْعَلَانِيُفْعَلُوْنَ Third person feminineتُفْعَلُتُفْعَلَانِيُفْعَلْنَ Second person masculineتُفْعَلُتُفْعَلَانِتُفْعَلُوْنَ Second person feminineتُفْعَلِيْنَتُفْعَلَانِتُفْعَلْنَ First personأُفْعَلُ—نُفْعَلُ ◦ The passive present uses the same pronoun grid and suffixes as the active present, with the base pattern يُفْعَلُ.

4. Comparing Present Active vs. Passive

◦ Let us compare Active vs. Passive present verbs side-by-side using the root نَصَرَ (to help): ◦ يَنْصُرُ (Active): "He helps" / يُنْصَرُ (Passive): "He is being helped". ◦ تَنْصُرِيْنَ (Active): "You (1 female) help" / تُنْصَرِيْنَ (Passive): "You (1 female) are being helped". ◦ أَنْصُرُ (Active): "I help" / أُنْصَرُ (Passive): "I am being helped".

5. Key Takeaways of Mudhaari'

• In the basic triliteral mujarrad pattern taught here, the active present prefix carries fatḥah (e.g. يَـ). • In the basic passive-present pattern displayed here, the verb carries a Dhummah on the prefix (e.g. يُـ) and a Fathah on the middle Ayn-letter (e.g. ـفْعَـ). • This simple rule allows you to quickly distinguish active present verbs from passive present verbs in reading.

Practice questions

Question 1: Choose the correct answer

What is the passive form of يَنْصُرُ (He helps)?

  • يُنْصَرُ
  • نَصَرَ
  • أُنْصُرْ
  • مَنْصُوْرٌ

Question 2: Choose the correct answer

To construct the present passive, what vowel is given to the sign of Mudhaari'?

  • Dhummah (پیش)
  • Fathah (زبر)
  • Kasrah (زیر)
  • Sukoon (جزم)

Question 3: Match the correct pairs

Match each active present verb to its derived passive present verb.

Question 4: Choose the correct answer

Translate يُفْعَلُوْنَ naturally.

  • third-person plural masculine passive
  • second-person plural masculine passive
  • first-person non-singular passive
  • third-person singular masculine passive

Question 5: Sort into the correct groups

Sort these present verbs into Active Present (معروف) and Passive Present (مجہول).

Question 6: Choose the correct answer

Select the correct present passive form for "I am being helped / will be helped" (using the root نَصَرَ).

  • أُنْصَرُ
  • يُنْصَرُ
  • تُنْصَرُ

Question 7: Choose the correct answer

What is the grammatical profile of تُفْعَلِيْنَ?

  • Second-Person Singular Feminine Passive (واحد مؤنث حاضر مجہول)
  • Second-Person Singular Masculine Passive (واحد مذکر حاضر مجہول)
  • Second-Person Plural Feminine Passive (جمع مؤنث حاضر مجہول)
  • Third-Person Singular Feminine Passive (واحد مؤنث غائب مجہول)

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