دَعَا is active because its subject performs the call; دُعِيَ is passive because the person called is foregrounded.
Word / formMeaning / explanation
يَدْعُوhe calls; the final wāw remains.
يُدْعَىhe is called; final alif maqṣūrah appears.
اُدْعُ زَيْدًاcall Zayd; an active second-person command.
لا تَدْعُ زَيْدًاdo not call Zayd; prohibitive lā governs a jussive imperfect.
The initial vowel of the imperfect and its final weak-letter outcome jointly distinguish active and passive patterns.
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Defective Verbs: Six Iʿlāl Rules and Four Short Paradigms
دَعَا is active because its subject performs the call; دُعِيَ is passive because the person called is foregrounded.
Word / formMeaning / explanation
يَدْعُوhe calls; the final wāw remains.
يُدْعَىhe is called; final alif maqṣūrah appears.
اُدْعُ زَيْدًاcall Zayd; an active second-person command.
لا تَدْعُ زَيْدًاdo not call Zayd; prohibitive lā governs a jussive imperfect.
The initial vowel of the imperfect and its final weak-letter outcome jointly distinguish active and passive patterns.