Rule 3: When an imperfect verb ending in alif, wāw or yāʾ becomes jussive, the final weak letter is elided in the relevant form. The remaining short vowel often reflects the original ending.
Word / formMeaning / explanation
لَمْ يَدْعُhe did not call, from يَدْعُو.
لَمْ يَرْمِhe did not throw, from يَرْمِي.
لَمْ يَخْشَhe did not fear, from يَخْشَى.
The omission is a grammatical effect of the jussive, not a permanent change to the dictionary root.
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Defective Verbs: Six Iʿlāl Rules and Four Short Paradigms
Rule 3: When an imperfect verb ending in alif, wāw or yāʾ becomes jussive, the final weak letter is elided in the relevant form. The remaining short vowel often reflects the original ending.
Word / formMeaning / explanation
لَمْ يَدْعُhe did not call, from يَدْعُو.
لَمْ يَرْمِhe did not throw, from يَرْمِي.
لَمْ يَخْشَhe did not fear, from يَخْشَى.
The omission is a grammatical effect of the jussive, not a permanent change to the dictionary root.