دَعَوَ → دَعَا
Translation: He called.
The expected base contains final wāw after a fatḥah; it becomes alif in دَعَا. With personal endings, the root wāw becomes visible in certain forms:
دَعَوَا — the two men called.
دَعَوْا — the men called.
دَعَوْتُ — I called.
These forms show why the alif of the singular perfect is not a third root consonant in its own right.
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The Active Perfect and Its Root
Defective Wāw Verb: Full Paradigm of دَعَا يَدْعُو with Morphological Explanations
دَعَوَ → دَعَا
Translation: He called.
The expected base contains final wāw after a fatḥah; it becomes alif in دَعَا. With personal endings, the root wāw becomes visible in certain forms:
دَعَوَا — the two men called.
دَعَوْا — the men called.
دَعَوْتُ — I called.
These forms show why the alif of the singular perfect is not a third root consonant in its own right.