LessonsDemonstratives — forms, syntax and usageQuiz

هَذَا كِتَابٌ.
Translation: This is a book.
هَذَا: subject; كِتَابٌ: nominative predicate.

هَذَا الْكِتَابُ مُفِيدٌ.
Translation: This book is useful.
هَذَا: subject; الْكِتَابُ: nominative apposition; مُفِيدٌ: predicate.

Definiteness and clause structure change the function of “kitāb”.

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Demonstrative with indefinite vs definite noun

Demonstratives — forms, syntax and usage

هَذَا كِتَابٌ.
Translation: This is a book.
هَذَا: subject; كِتَابٌ: nominative predicate.

هَذَا الْكِتَابُ مُفِيدٌ.
Translation: This book is useful.
هَذَا: subject; الْكِتَابُ: nominative apposition; مُفِيدٌ: predicate.

Definiteness and clause structure change the function of “kitāb”.