Doubled Verbs: Complete Conjugation of ذَبَّ يَذُبُّ, Explanations and Essential Rules

1. What Counts as a Doubled Verb?

ذَبَّ — يَذُبُّ
Translation: He repelled/defended; he repels/defends.
In a triliteral doubled verb, the second and third radicals are identical. The root here is ذ ب ب. Both bāʾs belong to the root; the shaddah does not add a fourth radical. The printed textbook selects the Nasara class to present the full paradigm.
The underlying ذَبَبَ contracts to ذَبَّ through assimilation (idghām). Distinguishing assimilated and unassimilated forms explains the apparent changes across conjugation.

2. Six Key Forms Before Full Conjugation

ذَبَّ — ذُبَّ — يَذُبُّ — يُذَبُّ — ذَابٌّ — مَذْبُوبٌ
Translation: repelled; was repelled; repels; is repelled; repeller/defender; repelled object.

CategoryForm
Active perfectذَبَّ
Passive perfectذُبَّ
Active imperfectيَذُبُّ
Passive imperfectيُذَبُّ
Active participleذَابٌّ
Passive participleمَذْبُوبٌ

Notice the active participle assimilates its two final radicals while the passive participle shows both bāʾ positions around its long wāw.

3. Full Fourteen-Form Active Perfect

ذَبَّ، ذَبَّا، ذَبُّوا
Translation: he repelled; they two repelled; they repelled.

PersonForm
3rd m. sg.ذَبَّ
3rd m. dualذَبَّا
3rd m. pl.ذَبُّوا
3rd f. sg.ذَبَّتْ
3rd f. dualذَبَّتَا
3rd f. pl.ذَبَبْنَ
2nd m. sg.ذَبَبْتَ
2nd m. dualذَبَبْتُمَا
2nd m. pl.ذَبَبْتُمْ
2nd f. sg.ذَبَبْتِ
2nd f. dualذَبَبْتُمَا
2nd f. pl.ذَبَبْتُنَّ
1st sg.ذَبَبْتُ
1st pl.ذَبَبْنَا

Forms with simple endings tend to retain the geminated bāʾ. Forms such as ذَبَبْتَ and ذَبَبْنَ show the radicals separately when the suffix prevents the normal assimilation.

4. Full Fourteen-Form Passive Perfect

ذُبَّ — ذُبَّا — ذُبُّوا
Translation: he/it was repelled; the two were repelled; the group were repelled.

PersonForm
3rd m. sg.ذُبَّ
3rd m. dualذُبَّا
3rd m. pl.ذُبُّوا
3rd f. sg.ذُبَّتْ
3rd f. dualذُبَّتَا
3rd f. pl.ذُبِبْنَ
2nd m. sg.ذُبِبْتَ
2nd m. dualذُبِبْتُمَا
2nd m. pl.ذُبِبْتُمْ
2nd f. sg.ذُبِبْتِ
2nd f. dualذُبِبْتُمَا
2nd f. pl.ذُبِبْتُنَّ
1st sg.ذُبِبْتُ
1st pl.ذُبِبْنَا

The passive vowel pattern contrasts with the active. With suffixes that disallow assimilation, compare ذَبَبْتُ (“I repelled”) and ذُبِبْتُ (“I was repelled”).

5. Full Active Imperfect Paradigm

يَذُبُّ — يَذُبَّانِ — يَذُبُّونَ
Translation: he repels; the two repel; the group repel.

PersonForm
3rd m. sg.يَذُبُّ
3rd m. dualيَذُبَّانِ
3rd m. pl.يَذُبُّونَ
3rd f. sg.تَذُبُّ
3rd f. dualتَذُبَّانِ
3rd f. pl.يَذْبُبْنَ
2nd m. sg.تَذُبُّ
2nd m. dualتَذُبَّانِ
2nd m. pl.تَذُبُّونَ
2nd f. sg.تَذُبِّينَ
2nd f. dualتَذُبَّانِ
2nd f. pl.تَذْبُبْنَ
1st sg.أَذُبُّ
1st pl.نَذُبُّ

Feminine-plural forms such as يَذْبُبْنَ reveal both bāʾ radicals. Compare with assimilated forms like يَذُبُّ to see how the ending affects the stem.

6. Full Passive Imperfect Paradigm

يُذَبُّ — يُذَبَّانِ — يُذَبُّونَ
Translation: it is repelled; the two are repelled; the group are repelled.

PersonForm
3rd m. sg.يُذَبُّ
3rd m. dualيُذَبَّانِ
3rd m. pl.يُذَبُّونَ
3rd f. sg.تُذَبُّ
3rd f. dualتُذَبَّانِ
3rd f. pl.يُذْبَبْنَ
2nd m. sg.تُذَبُّ
2nd m. dualتُذَبَّانِ
2nd m. pl.تُذَبُّونَ
2nd f. sg.تُذَبِّينَ
2nd f. dualتُذَبَّانِ
2nd f. pl.تُذْبَبْنَ
1st sg.أُذَبُّ
1st pl.نُذَبُّ

Compare يَذُبُّ (active) with يُذَبُّ (passive). Both assimilate the two bāʾ radicals, yet their vowel patterns mark different grammatical voices.

7. The Subjunctive with Lan

لَنْ يَذُبَّ — لَنْ يَذُبُّوا
Translation: he will not repel; they will not repel.

PersonActivePassive
3rd m. sg.لَنْ يَذُبَّلَنْ يُذَبَّ
3rd m. dualلَنْ يَذُبَّالَنْ يُذَبَّا
3rd m. pl.لَنْ يَذُبُّوالَنْ يُذَبُّوا
3rd f. sg.لَنْ تَذُبَّلَنْ تُذَبَّ
3rd f. dualلَنْ تَذُبَّالَنْ تُذَبَّا
3rd f. pl.لَنْ يَذْبُبْنَلَنْ يُذْبَبْنَ
2nd m. sg.لَنْ تَذُبَّلَنْ تُذَبَّ
2nd m. dualلَنْ تَذُبَّالَنْ تُذَبَّا
2nd m. pl.لَنْ تَذُبُّوالَنْ تُذَبُّوا
2nd f. sg.لَنْ تَذُبِّيلَنْ تُذَبِّي
2nd f. dualلَنْ تَذُبَّالَنْ تُذَبَّا
2nd f. pl.لَنْ تَذْبُبْنَلَنْ تُذْبَبْنَ
1st sg.لَنْ أَذُبَّلَنْ أُذَبَّ
1st pl.لَنْ نَذُبَّلَنْ نُذَبَّ

Lan governs the subjunctive. In singular forms the final vowel changes; in the five special imperfect forms the indicative final nūn is removed. The feminine-plural nūn is a subject suffix, not the removable nūn of the five verbs.

8. The Jussive with Lam

لَمْ يَذُبَّ — لَمْ يَذُبُّوا
Translation: he did not repel; they did not repel.

PersonActivePassive
3rd m. sg.لَمْ يَذُبَّلَمْ يُذَبَّ
3rd m. dualلَمْ يَذُبَّالَمْ يُذَبَّا
3rd m. pl.لَمْ يَذُبُّوالَمْ يُذَبُّوا
3rd f. sg.لَمْ تَذُبَّلَمْ تُذَبَّ
3rd f. dualلَمْ تَذُبَّالَمْ تُذَبَّا
3rd f. pl.لَمْ يَذْبُبْنَلَمْ يُذْبَبْنَ
2nd m. sg.لَمْ تَذُبَّلَمْ تُذَبَّ
2nd m. dualلَمْ تَذُبَّالَمْ تُذَبَّا
2nd m. pl.لَمْ تَذُبُّوالَمْ تُذَبُّوا
2nd f. sg.لَمْ تَذُبِّيلَمْ تُذَبِّي
2nd f. dualلَمْ تَذُبَّالَمْ تُذَبَّا
2nd f. pl.لَمْ تَذْبُبْنَلَمْ تُذْبَبْنَ
1st sg.لَمْ أَذُبَّلَمْ أُذَبَّ
1st pl.لَمْ نَذُبَّلَمْ نُذَبَّ

Lam makes the imperfect jussive and gives past-time negation. The book allows different realizations for a jussive doubled singular: this table selects لَمْ يَذُبَّ. The indicative nūn drops in the five verbs, while feminine-plural nūn stays.

9. Why the Book Gives Multiple Jussive Forms

لَمْ يَذُبَّ
Translation: He did not repel.
The printed text notes four permissible realizations of the doubled jussive stem. Their differences arise from the interaction of consonant doubling, final silence and available vowel adjustments; they do not represent four separate tenses or roots.
The imperative ذُبَّ and prohibition لَا تَذُبَّ share a related problem of forming a command or jussive from a doubled stem.

10. Heavy Emphatic Nūn: Active

لَيَذُبَّنَّ
Translation: He certainly will repel.

PersonImperfectHeavy emphasis
3rd m. sg.يَذُبُّلَيَذُبَّنَّ
3rd m. dualيَذُبَّانِلَيَذُبَّانِّ
3rd m. pl.يَذُبُّونَلَيَذُبُّنَّ
2nd m. sg.تَذُبُّلَتَذُبَّنَّ
1st sg.أَذُبُّلَأَذُبَّنَّ

The heavy emphatic nūn is not the ordinary indicative nūn. Its attachment expresses assertion. The dual and plural endings require their own treatment; the table illustrates selected source-based patterns, not a replacement for every slot in the full paradigm.

11. Heavy Emphatic Nūn: Passive

لَيُذَبَّنَّ
Translation: It will certainly be repelled.

PersonActive emphasisPassive emphasis
3rd m. sg.لَيَذُبَّنَّلَيُذَبَّنَّ
2nd m. sg.لَتَذُبَّنَّلَتُذَبَّنَّ
1st sg.لَأَذُبَّنَّلَأُذَبَّنَّ

Emphasis does not change voice. The vocalization of the imperfect prefix and stem still distinguishes an act performed by the subject from an act undergone by the subject.

12. Light Emphasis and Unavailable Slots

لَيَذُبَنْ
Translation: He certainly repels, with the light emphatic nūn.

ContextExampleNote
3rd m. sg.لَيَذُبَنْSilent light nūn
Selected plural contextsلَيَذُبُنْConditioned forms
Certain dual positions—Not supplied in the source table
Certain feminine-plural positions—Not supplied in the source table

The source deliberately leaves certain light-emphasis cells empty. A dash means the table does not supply a usable form there; do not invent forms merely to complete a grid.

13. The Six Direct Active Imperatives

ذُبَّ — ذُبَّا — ذُبُّوا
Translation: repel (one male); repel (two); repel (male plural).

AddresseeActive imperative
m. sg.ذُبَّ
m. dualذُبَّا
m. pl.ذُبُّوا
f. sg.ذُبِّي
f. dualذُبَّا
f. pl.اُذْبُبْنَ

The singular imperative is historically related to اُذْبُبْ. Assimilation and loss of an unneeded initial vowel-supporting hamzah yield the short surface form. The feminine-plural suffix preserves the two radicals separately.

14. Passive Commands with the Command Lām

لِيُذَبَّ
Translation: Let it be repelled.

ContextPassive commandMeaning
3rd m. sg.لِيُذَبَّLet him/it be repelled
3rd m. pl.لِيُذَبُّواLet them be repelled
3rd f. sg.لِتُذَبَّLet her/it be repelled
1st sg.لِأُذَبَّLet me be repelled

The command lām governs a jussive and permits passive-oriented instructions. It differs from an ordinary direct second-person active imperative.

15. Prohibition: Active Versus Passive

لَا تَذُبَّ — لَا تُذَبَّ
Translation: Do not repel / Do not be repelled.

AddresseeActive prohibitionPassive prohibition
m. sg.لَا تَذُبَّلَا تُذَبَّ
m. dualلَا تَذُبَّالَا تُذَبَّا
m. pl.لَا تَذُبُّوالَا تُذَبُّوا
f. sg.لَا تَذُبِّيلَا تُذَبِّي
f. pl.لَا تَذْبُبْنَلَا تُذْبَبْنَ

Prohibitive lā governs the jussive. The indicative nūn falls from the five verbs, but feminine-plural nūn does not. Active and passive remain distinct through vowel patterns.

16. Active Participle: Number and Gender

ذَابٌّ — ذَابَّانِ — ذَابُّونَ
Translation: one who repels; two such agents; plural agents.

AgreementActive participle
m. sg.ذَابٌّ
m. dualذَابَّانِ
m. sound pl.ذَابُّونَ
f. sg.ذَابَّةٌ
f. dualذَابَّتَانِ
f. sound pl.ذَابَّاتٌ

The participle follows the agent-oriented fāʿil pattern; the two bāʾ radicals assimilate. Unlike a finite verb, it behaves as a noun/adjective with gender and number agreement.

17. Passive Participle: Number and Gender

مَذْبُوبٌ — مَذْبُوبَانِ — مَذْبُوبُونَ
Translation: a thing repelled; two such things; plural such things.

AgreementPassive participle
m. sg.مَذْبُوبٌ
m. dualمَذْبُوبَانِ
m. sound pl.مَذْبُوبُونَ
f. sg.مَذْبُوبَةٌ
f. dualمَذْبُوبَتَانِ
f. sound pl.مَذْبُوبَاتٌ

The passive participle follows mafʿūl. Here the two bāʾ radicals are separated by the lengthening wāw, so the displayed noun is not the same kind of geminate as ذَابٌّ.

18. Explaining the Perfect Form Step by Step

ذَبَبَ → ذَبَّ
Translation: the underlying two bāʾ radicals assimilated into a geminate.
Assimilation is a morphophonological operation, not a deletion of a root consonant. The root stays ذ ب ب.
When the 1st-person suffix attaches, the attested form is ذَبَبْتُ, not ذَبَّتُ. The suffix changes how the two adjacent radicals must be pronounced.

19. Explaining the Imperfect Form

يَذْبُبُ → يَذُبُّ
Translation: an underlying imperfect form becomes geminated through assimilation.
The first bāʾ’s vowel is handled so that the two identical radicals can combine into the surface form يَذُبُّ.

ContextOutcomeOperation
Simple imperfectيَذُبُّAssimilation
Passive imperfectيُذَبُّPassive vocalization + assimilation
Feminine pluralيَذْبُبْنَNo assimilation
1st-person perfectذَبَبْتُNo assimilation

Identify both the root radicals and the suffix condition before explaining a surface form.

20. Why the Jussive and Imperative Are Special

لَمْ يَذُبَّ — ذُبَّ — لَا تَذُبَّ
Translation: he did not repel; repel; do not repel.
Jussive and command environments impose final-vowel/sukūn constraints. Doubled roots meet these constraints through particular assimilated or unassimilated realizations.
The textbook explains ذُبَّ and لَا تَذُبَّ against their expanded underlying stems. A single visible shaddah does not mean a root consonant has been lost.

21. Essential Rule 1: Three Ways of Lightening Doubling

ذَبَبَ → ذَبَّ
Translation: identical radicals are assimilated.
The source’s first essential rule describes three routes by which a difficult double consonant sequence is eased:
1. Regular assimilation (idghām qiyāsī).
2. Attested deletion (ḥadhf samāʿī), which should not be generalized without evidence.
3. Attested substitution (ibdāl samāʿī).
The distinctions keep the normal doubling rule separate from individually transmitted exceptions.

22. Rules 2–4: Mudgham, Mudgham Fīhi and Related Articulation

ذَبَّ — ذَبَبْتُ
Translation: assimilated and unassimilated forms from the same root.
Rule 2: The first consonant that is assimilated is the mudgham; the second, which receives it, is the mudgham fīhi. In ذَبَّ, the first bāʾ is assimilated into the second.
Rule 3: Consonants with nearby articulation may affect one another in pronunciation while remaining separately written. This differs from complete assimilation of identical radicals.
Rule 4: When adjacent consonants are genuinely identical and the conditions hold, a shaddah can express their full assimilation in both writing and speech, as in ذَبَّ. The distinction prevents treating every phonetic similarity as identical spelling.

23. Rule 5: Iftiʿāl with Dāl, Dhāl and Zāy

اِدَّعَى — اِزْدَحَمَ
Translation: he claimed; a crowd gathered.
The source’s rule 5 treats the t of the iftiʿāl pattern when it follows certain initial radicals, including dāl, dhāl and zāy. Their phonetic interaction may produce a changed surface consonant.
Do not assume that the root’s first radical has changed simply because the visible word differs from an unassimilated schematic pattern. First identify the root, then the added pattern consonant, and finally the substitution/assimilation.

24. Rule 6: Emphatic Consonants in Iftiʿāl

اِصْطَلَحَ — اِضْطَرَبَ — اِطَّلَعَ
Translation: he reconciled; he was disturbed; he became aware.
Rule 6 says that after an emphatic first radical (ṣād, ḍād, ṭāʾ, ẓāʾ), the iftiʿāl t often becomes ṭāʾ, with further assimilation in some environments.
In اِصْطَلَحَ, ṣād belongs to the root, while ṭāʾ represents the modified added consonant of the pattern. It is a predictable morphological sound change, not arbitrary spelling.

25. Rule 7 and a Method for Analyzing Doubled Roots

ذَبَّ — ذَبَبْتُ — يَذُبُّ — ذَابٌّ — مَذْبُوبٌ
Translation: repelled; I repelled; he repels; defender; repelled object.
Rule 7 discusses how an added initial tāʾ of tafaʿʿul and tafāʿul may assimilate to an eligible first radical. When the resulting word needs a beginning vowel, an initial hamzat al-waṣl appears.
For each word, identify (1) its root, (2) its derived or basic pattern, (3) active/passive voice, (4) person or noun agreement, and (5) the rule responsible for the visible form. The five examples in the quoted line demonstrate how one doubled root supports distinct paradigmatic forms.