Lawlā is counterfactual. Al-maṭaru is nominative with an understood predicate. The answer begins with lām, followed by past jaffa and its subject al-zarʿu.
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Full Parsing: Counterfactual Use
Exhortative Particles: Urging, Reproach and Two Uses of Lawlā
Lawlā is counterfactual. Al-maṭaru is nominative with an understood predicate. The answer begins with lām, followed by past jaffa and its subject al-zarʿu.