The second rule forms مِفْعَلَةٌ by adding a final ة to the first pattern:
مِفْعَلٌ ← مِفْعَلَةٌ
The same formal transformation can be illustrated by مِضْرَبٌ ← مِضْرَبَةٌ. The three root consonants are unchanged; the derived stem has a different ending.
The tāʾ marbūṭah does not mean the instrument is biologically female. It marks the noun's morphological form and grammatical gender.
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Second rule: adding tāʾ marbūṭah
Ism al-Ālah: Definition, Three Patterns, Paradigms and Formation
The second rule forms مِفْعَلَةٌ by adding a final ة to the first pattern:
مِفْعَلٌ ← مِفْعَلَةٌ
The same formal transformation can be illustrated by مِضْرَبٌ ← مِضْرَبَةٌ. The three root consonants are unchanged; the derived stem has a different ending.
The tāʾ marbūṭah does not mean the instrument is biologically female. It marks the noun's morphological form and grammatical gender.