اسْمُ الْمَفْعُولِ اسْمٌ مُشْتَقٌّ مِنْ فِعْلٍ مُتَعَدٍّ لِيَدُلَّ عَلَى مَنْ وَقَعَ عَلَيْهِ الْفِعْلُ.
Translation: A passive participle is derived from a transitive verb to denote the one or thing upon which the action falls. Kataba gives maktūb, something written, not the writer.
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The Source Definition
Ism al-Mafʿūl: Formation, Weak Roots and Government
اسْمُ الْمَفْعُولِ اسْمٌ مُشْتَقٌّ مِنْ فِعْلٍ مُتَعَدٍّ لِيَدُلَّ عَلَى مَنْ وَقَعَ عَلَيْهِ الْفِعْلُ.
Translation: A passive participle is derived from a transitive verb to denote the one or thing upon which the action falls. Kataba gives maktūb, something written, not the writer.