Rules 1–4 describe alif, wāw, yāʾ and hamzah in certain broken-plural measures. Rules 5–8 treat initial wāw, permissibility versus obligation, and a weak-wāw plural.
RulesOperationDecisive condition
1–2Alif → wāw/yāʾPreceding vowel
3–4Long/repeated weak elements → hamzahSpecific plural configuration
5–6Initial wāw → hamzahVowel and attested lexical cases
7First wāw → hamzahTwo vowelled initial wāws
8Two wāws → yāʾ + kasraWāw-final weak fuʿūl plural
The following textbook section is the Chart of Weak-Verb Patterns, where the focus shifts from individual changes to comparative paradigms.