زَيْدٌ قَائِمٌ — Zayd is standing: «زَيْدٌ» is a mubtadaʾ, «قَائِمٌ» its khabar; a nominal sentence.
قَامَ زَيْدٌ — Zayd stood up: «قَامَ» is a past verb and «زَيْدٌ» its fāʿil; a verbal sentence.
The same nominative ending need not indicate the same grammatical function.
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Mubtadaʾ and Khabar — Definition and Foundational Rules
زَيْدٌ قَائِمٌ — Zayd is standing: «زَيْدٌ» is a mubtadaʾ, «قَائِمٌ» its khabar; a nominal sentence.
قَامَ زَيْدٌ — Zayd stood up: «قَامَ» is a past verb and «زَيْدٌ» its fāʿil; a verbal sentence.
The same nominative ending need not indicate the same grammatical function.