Munṣarif: normally takes all three case vowels plus tanwīn: زَيْدٌ، زَيْدًا، زَيْدٍ.
Ghayr munṣarif: normally has no tanwīn and takes fatḥa in the genitive: أَحْمَدُ، أَحْمَدَ، بِأَحْمَدَ.
Important exception: with the definite article or as muḍāf, a diptote can take kasra in the genitive.
Core skill: determine the syntactic case first, then select the correct marker for the noun class.
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Munṣarif and Ghayr Munṣarif — Definitions, Causes and Parsing
Munṣarif: normally takes all three case vowels plus tanwīn: زَيْدٌ، زَيْدًا، زَيْدٍ.
Ghayr munṣarif: normally has no tanwīn and takes fatḥa in the genitive: أَحْمَدُ، أَحْمَدَ، بِأَحْمَدَ.
Important exception: with the definite article or as muḍāf, a diptote can take kasra in the genitive.
Core skill: determine the syntactic case first, then select the correct marker for the noun class.