Choose the correct answer

Why does the past negative verb مَا فَعَلَ retain its vowels exactly like فَعَلَ?

Negative Past Tense (Maadhi Manfi) - Active and Passive

• Because مَا is a non-governing particle
• Because مَا changes the final vowel to fatḥah
• Because of a printing style
• Because negative verbs cannot take any vowels