In اِجْتَنَبَ the root is j-n-b; the initial alif and the inserted tāʾ are formative.
In اِسْتَنْصَرَ the root is n-ṣ-r; the introductory alif, sīn and tāʾ are added.
In اِنْفَطَرَ the root is f-ṭ-r; the initial alif and nūn are added.
A letter is not inherently “extra” in every word. Nūn is original in istanṣara but formative in infaṭara. Determine the root before identifying the pattern.
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Root radicals versus formative letters
Nine Augmented Triliteral Patterns with Hamzat al-Wasl
In اِجْتَنَبَ the root is j-n-b; the initial alif and the inserted tāʾ are formative.
In اِسْتَنْصَرَ the root is n-ṣ-r; the introductory alif, sīn and tāʾ are added.
In اِنْفَطَرَ the root is f-ṭ-r; the initial alif and nūn are added.
A letter is not inherently “extra” in every word. Nūn is original in istanṣara but formative in infaṭara. Determine the root before identifying the pattern.