حَضَرَ الْفَتَى: The young man arrived. حَضَرَ: past verb; الْفَتَى: nominative subject with estimated ḍamma.
رَأَيْتُ الْفَتَى: I saw the young man. رَأَيْتُ: verb with subject pronoun; الْفَتَى: accusative object with estimated fatḥa.
سَلَّمْتُ عَلَى الْفَتَى: I greeted the young man. عَلَى: preposition; الْفَتَى: genitive with estimated kasra.
All three case vowels are hidden on the final alif. These are teaching examples, not quotations.