الْقَاضِي is the subject and hence nominative even though no ḍamma is visible on its final yāʾ.
Its complete analysis: فَاعِلٌ مَرْفُوعٌ، وَعَلَامَةُ رَفْعِهِ الضَّمَّةُ الْمُقَدَّرَةُ عَلَى الْيَاءِ، مَنَعَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهَا الثِّقَلُ.
Point: no visible ḍamma does not mean the subject has ceased to be nominative.
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Noun Case Class 8 — The Manqūṣ Noun
الْقَاضِي is the subject and hence nominative even though no ḍamma is visible on its final yāʾ.
Its complete analysis: فَاعِلٌ مَرْفُوعٌ، وَعَلَامَةُ رَفْعِهِ الضَّمَّةُ الْمُقَدَّرَةُ عَلَى الْيَاءِ، مَنَعَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهَا الثِّقَلُ.
Point: no visible ḍamma does not mean the subject has ceased to be nominative.