جَاءَ أَبُوكَ.
Translation: Your father came. «أَبُو» is the nominative subject marked by wāw.
أَكْرَمْتُ أَبَاكَ.
Translation: I honoured your father. «أَبَا» is the accusative object marked by alif.
سَلَّمْتُ عَلَى أَبِيكَ.
Translation: I greeted your father. «أَبِي» is genitive after عَلَى, marked by yāʾ.
These are additional teaching examples; the book's main illustrated example uses «أَخُوكَ».