The basic three-case pattern:
Nominative — wāw: أَخُوكَ
Accusative — alif: أَخَاكَ
Genitive — yāʾ: أَخِيكَ
First identify the word's syntactic function, then its case sign. Seeing wāw, alif or yāʾ in another word does not automatically make it one of the six nouns; the four conditions must also hold.