Fifth class: alif in the nominative; yāʾ in the accusative and genitive.
Dual: الرَّجُلَانِ / الرَّجُلَيْنِ.
Kilā/kiltā: when annexed to a pronoun; كِلَاهُمَا / كِلَيْهِمَا, كِلْتَاهُمَا / كِلْتَيْهِمَا.
Number two: اثْنَانِ / اثْنَيْنِ; اثْنَتَانِ / اثْنَتَيْنِ.
Method: First identify the word’s syntactic role, then select the appropriate case marker.