شَاتَمَ زَيْدٌ عَمْرًا
Translation: Zayd traded insults with ʿAmr.
Shātama is the past verb, Zaydun its subject, and ʿAmran its object.
تَشَاتَمَ زَيْدٌ وَعَمْرٌو
Translation: Zayd and ʿAmr insulted one another.
Tashātama is the verb; Zaydun is the subject and ʿAmrun a coordinated nominative. Meaning overlaps, but syntax differs.
LessonsSeven Semantic Properties of Form III (Mufāʿalah): Participation, Equivalence, Causing a State, and Independent UsesQuiz
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Parsing Shātama and Tashātama
شَاتَمَ زَيْدٌ عَمْرًا
Translation: Zayd traded insults with ʿAmr.
Shātama is the past verb, Zaydun its subject, and ʿAmran its object.
تَشَاتَمَ زَيْدٌ وَعَمْرٌو
Translation: Zayd and ʿAmr insulted one another.
Tashātama is the verb; Zaydun is the subject and ʿAmrun a coordinated nominative. Meaning overlaps, but syntax differs.