1. The five tawābiʿ are naʿt, coordination, emphasis, badal and explicative apposition.
2. Direct naʿt follows ten case/definiteness/number/gender possibilities.
3. Relational naʿt follows the first five and describes a related noun.
4. An indefinite noun may take a whole declarative clause as its attribute, with a linking pronoun.
The functions of naʿt also include specification, clarification, praise, blame and emphasis.