بِإِزَاءِ «قَدْ» لِتَأْكِيدِ الْمَاضِي.
Translation: In contrast, qad is used to emphasize a past event.
The source contrasts emphatic nūn for command/request with qad as a means of emphasizing a completed event; do not treat nūn as the normal past-tense suffix.
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Comparison with Past-Tense Emphasis
The Two Emphatic Nūns: Forms and Rules
بِإِزَاءِ «قَدْ» لِتَأْكِيدِ الْمَاضِي.
Translation: In contrast, qad is used to emphasize a past event.
The source contrasts emphatic nūn for command/request with qad as a means of emphasizing a completed event; do not treat nūn as the normal past-tense suffix.