In wijādah, a person finds a scholar’s writing or book without directly hearing it from the scholar or receiving formal authorization. He cannot claim “I heard” simply because a manuscript was discovered; the fact and reliability of finding a written copy must be expressed accurately.
In iʿlām, a teacher states that a text belongs to his transmissions, which does not by itself prove permission for a student to narrate it. Waṣiyyah involves bequeathing or leaving a manuscript with someone, which alone does not constitute hearing or authorization.
If a person finds an old manuscript, one question concerns its handwriting and provenance, and another concerns the method by which it may be transmitted. Owning a book, learning that a book is a teacher’s, and directly hearing a report are three different facts.