What follows from “adraka al-jāhiliyyah” about Abū ʿUthmān and Abū Rāfiʿ?
Historical Examples of Muʿanʿan Transmission and the Conclusion of Muslim’s Introduction
- Every one of their reports is textually certain
- Both are independently proven to be Companions of the Prophet
- They lived in pre-Islamic times, while the passage says they accompanied Companions
- Their meeting with Ubayy is necessarily recorded in the report