«فَالْأَوَّلُ لَا يَقْبَلُ صَاحِبَهَا الْجُمْهُورُ»
The majority do not accept the transmissions of a person established to hold the first, disqualifying type of innovation.
This ruling presumes that the person’s actual belief has been reliably established and that it truly affects the required integrity of the narrator. It must not be expanded into the claim that every school’s accusation of unbelief against another school is automatically authoritative in narrator criticism.
Three matters require separate evidence: attribution of the belief, its proper classification, and its effect on the person’s standing as a transmitter. Historical polemics do not replace a critical assessment of an actual narrator.