«الْمُصَحَّفُ وَالْمُحَرَّفُ»
These labels concern changes in the writing or reading of transmitted words.
In this classification, taṣḥīf especially concerns a change in consonantal dotting while the basic written form remains similar. Taḥrīf refers to a change in vowel marks or vocalization where the underlying written outline remains substantially the same. Some scholars use the terms more broadly, so the sense intended must be clear.
Independent teaching examples: Reading “ḥarb” as “jarb” illustrates a change of dots; reading “ʿalima” as “ʿulima” illustrates a change in vowel marks affecting grammar and meaning. These are instructional examples, not quotations from a hadith.