At the point of the addition, direct hearing must be explicitly stated, for example with حدثنا, ‘he narrated to us’, or سمعت, ‘I heard’.
In the report without the extra name, explicit hearing at that point states a direct link between the two narrators.
1. Explicit hearing: stating clearly that the narrator heard directly. A shorter chain alone does not replace this condition.
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Maqlūb and an extra narrator in the chain
At the point of the addition, direct hearing must be explicitly stated, for example with حدثنا, ‘he narrated to us’, or سمعت, ‘I heard’.
In the report without the extra name, explicit hearing at that point states a direct link between the two narrators.
1. Explicit hearing: stating clearly that the narrator heard directly. A shorter chain alone does not replace this condition.