If a teacher demonstrably died before a student was born, what follows under both approaches?
Muʿanʿan Transmission: Possible Meeting, Evidence of Hearing, and Continuity
- The reliable narrator’s ʿan outweighs evidence of non-contemporaneity
- Only a literal declaration “I did not hear” can establish disconnection
- An indirect route might exist, so the claimed direct link must be considered connected
- Direct meeting and hearing between that pair are historically impossible