LessonsMuttafiq-Muftariq, Muhmal, Narrator Denial, and MusalsalQuiz

«فَإِنْ كَانَا ثِقَتَيْنِ لَمْ يَضُرَّ»
“If both are reliable, the lack of distinction does not cause harm.”

Suppose a pupil could mean either of two teachers named Aḥmad, both established as upright and precise. That specific uncertainty does not create the same defect as uncertainty involving a weak possible source.

This rule does not dispense with other criteria of authenticity. Continuity of hearing, irregularity, and hidden defects remain separate inquiries. If actual reception of this report from one candidate is implausible, further evidence can still be needed.

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When both possible teachers are reliable

Muttafiq-Muftariq, Muhmal, Narrator Denial, and Musalsal

«فَإِنْ كَانَا ثِقَتَيْنِ لَمْ يَضُرَّ»
“If both are reliable, the lack of distinction does not cause harm.”

Suppose a pupil could mean either of two teachers named Aḥmad, both established as upright and precise. That specific uncertainty does not create the same defect as uncertainty involving a weak possible source.

This rule does not dispense with other criteria of authenticity. Continuity of hearing, irregularity, and hidden defects remain separate inquiries. If actual reception of this report from one candidate is implausible, further evidence can still be needed.