A student asks a classmate which textbook would help with preparation. The classmate knows of a better book but deliberately recommends a poor choice out of resentment. This illustrates the betrayal condemned in يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ الرُّشْدَ فِي غَيْرِهِ.
By contrast, a sincere adviser with incomplete information may state openly that the recommendation reflects limited experience. An honest mistake is not the same as knowingly misleading another person.
Example 1: Disclose a conflict of interest.
Example 2: Explain the better option with sound reasons when known.
Example 3: Do not express uncertain claims as if they were established facts.