A report by a thiqah—a reliable narrator—is called shādhdh when it opposes:
• the report of an awthaq narrator, one more reliable than that narrator;
• or the report of several reliable narrators.
Transmitting alone is not enough: opposition to the stronger report is also required here.
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Shādhdh: Opposing a stronger report
A report by a thiqah—a reliable narrator—is called shādhdh when it opposes:
• the report of an awthaq narrator, one more reliable than that narrator;
• or the report of several reliable narrators.
Transmitting alone is not enough: opposition to the stronger report is also required here.