LessonsThe ruling on Mashhūr, ʿAzīz and GharībQuiz

A mutawātir Hadith gives certain knowledge when its conditions are fulfilled. In the basic ruling considered here, mashhūr, ʿazīz and gharīb have a different degree of establishment1.

They are called ẓannī al-thubūt (ظنی الثبوت): the evidence makes the report's establishment more likely, giving a predominant probability, rather than the certainty of mutawātir transmission. This degree of knowledge is called ʿilm al-ẓann (علمِ ظن).

Here, ẓann does not mean a baseless guess or ill suspicion.

1. Thubūt (ثبوت): here, establishing that a report really comes from the person to whom it is attributed.

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What does ẓannī al-thubūt mean?

The ruling on Mashhūr, ʿAzīz and Gharīb

A mutawātir Hadith gives certain knowledge when its conditions are fulfilled. In the basic ruling considered here, mashhūr, ʿazīz and gharīb have a different degree of establishment1.

They are called ẓannī al-thubūt (ظنی الثبوت): the evidence makes the report's establishment more likely, giving a predominant probability, rather than the certainty of mutawātir transmission. This degree of knowledge is called ʿilm al-ẓann (علمِ ظن).

Here, ẓann does not mean a baseless guess or ill suspicion.

1. Thubūt (ثبوت): here, establishing that a report really comes from the person to whom it is attributed.