Case 1: The teacher personally recites the report and the pupil hears: “samiʿtu” or a suitable direct-audition formula.
Case 2: The pupil reads a book before the teacher, who corrects it: “qaraʾtu ʿalayhi.”
Case 3: The teacher orally authorizes a designated book: identify the oral ijāzah rather than alleging audition.
Case 4: The teacher only says that the book belongs to his transmission: this is iʿlām, not proved permission.
Case 5: The pupil finds a hadith scholar's handwriting in a library: describe the discovery, “wajadtu bi-khaṭṭi fulān,” rather than direct hearing.
The hadith text could be identical in all five cases, yet the means of acquisition and the corresponding transmission descriptions must remain distinct.