Understanding and application

What does شُعْبَةٍ مِنْ نِفَاقٍ mean?

Trust in Hadith, Seeking Knowledge, Sincerity, and Responsibility in Worship (Hadith 223–228)

• A definitive verdict on anyone’s faith
• Calling everyone an unbeliever
• Only permission to travel
• A trait or branch of hypocrisy