• Jahālah involves missing necessary information about a narrator’s identity or standing.
• We studied three causes: not naming him, using an unfamiliar designation, and few transmitted reports.
• Majhūl al-ʿayn: named, but with only one pupil transmitting and the person insufficiently known. Remember the exception when reliability is established.
• Majhūl al-ḥāl: two or more transmit from him, but no imam’s attestation is reported; acceptance is disputed.
A name, the number of transmitters, and an attestation of reliability are not the same thing.