«المحصورات أربع»
Quantified propositions are four in number.
1. Universal affirmative: the predicate is affirmed of every subject instance.
2. Particular affirmative: the predicate is affirmed of some instances.
3. Universal negative: the predicate is denied of every instance.
4. Particular negative: the predicate is denied of some instances.
The four forms arise from two independent distinctions: affirmation versus negation, and all versus some. These are called the quality and quantity of the proposition.