أو بسبب الإعجام والإعراب
Or the ambiguity may arise from consonantal pointing and inflectional vowels.
Iʿjām distinguishes letters by dots, as with jīm, ḥāʾ and khāʾ. Iʿrāb and vocalization can alter grammatical role and sometimes meaning.
An unpointed or unvocalized string may allow more than one reading. An inference that begins with one reading and ends with another has silently changed its premise. Correct reading and linguistic context must be established first.
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Causes of Error: Misunderstanding and Verbal Ambiguities
أو بسبب الإعجام والإعراب
Or the ambiguity may arise from consonantal pointing and inflectional vowels.
Iʿjām distinguishes letters by dots, as with jīm, ḥāʾ and khāʾ. Iʿrāb and vocalization can alter grammatical role and sometimes meaning.
An unpointed or unvocalized string may allow more than one reading. An inference that begins with one reading and ends with another has silently changed its premise. Correct reading and linguistic context must be established first.