LessonsDemonstration and the Six Kinds of Certain PremisesQuiz

A report may be famous without meeting the classical criterion for tawātur. Popularity alone does not establish how the information was acquired.

A widely accepted claim may be useful in dialectic as a mashhūr proposition. A mass-transmitted report requires a sufficiently independent and convergent body of testimony to support certainty.

This difference links the present chapter back to the five logical arts: argument from what people commonly accept is not automatically demonstrative knowledge.

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Widely repeated versus mass-transmitted

Demonstration and the Six Kinds of Certain Premises

A report may be famous without meeting the classical criterion for tawātur. Popularity alone does not establish how the information was acquired.

A widely accepted claim may be useful in dialectic as a mashhūr proposition. A mass-transmitted report requires a sufficiently independent and convergent body of testimony to support certainty.

This difference links the present chapter back to the five logical arts: argument from what people commonly accept is not automatically demonstrative knowledge.