LessonsFour Relations Between Universals and Relative ParticularityQuiz

أو يصدق بعض كل واحد منهما على بعض ما يصدق عليه الآخر، فبينهما عموم وخصوص من وجه، كالأبيض والحيوان،
Or if some instances of each universal fall under the other, the relation is generality and specificity in one respect, as with white and animal.

Partial overlap means that some instances are shared while neither universal is wholly contained in the other:
A white duck — both white and an animal.
A dark horse — an animal but not white.
Snow — white but not an animal.

These three cases together establish the source relation of overlap in one respect.

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Partial overlap: animal and white

Four Relations Between Universals and Relative Particularity

أو يصدق بعض كل واحد منهما على بعض ما يصدق عليه الآخر، فبينهما عموم وخصوص من وجه، كالأبيض والحيوان،
Or if some instances of each universal fall under the other, the relation is generality and specificity in one respect, as with white and animal.

Partial overlap means that some instances are shared while neither universal is wholly contained in the other:
A white duck — both white and an animal.
A dark horse — an animal but not white.
Snow — white but not an animal.

These three cases together establish the source relation of overlap in one respect.