LessonsFurther Conditional Divisions, Quantification and Conditional QuantifiersQuiz

«وبإدخال حرف السلب على سور الإيجاب الكلي»
A negative particle may also be placed before the universal affirmative marker.

Pay attention to the scope of negation.
“Not on every occasion” denies the universal claim: at least one exception exists.
“On no occasion” denies the relation throughout the domain.

These are not equivalent. In symbolic terms, not-every is not the same as never. When explaining Arabic or Urdu conditional expressions, clearly identify whether negation applies to the universal quantifier or to each instance of the relation.

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Negation before a universal quantifier

Further Conditional Divisions, Quantification and Conditional Quantifiers

«وبإدخال حرف السلب على سور الإيجاب الكلي»
A negative particle may also be placed before the universal affirmative marker.

Pay attention to the scope of negation.
“Not on every occasion” denies the universal claim: at least one exception exists.
“On no occasion” denies the relation throughout the domain.

These are not equivalent. In symbolic terms, not-every is not the same as never. When explaining Arabic or Urdu conditional expressions, clearly identify whether negation applies to the universal quantifier or to each instance of the relation.