This classification belongs to the established discourse of classical logic and philosophy. Each category gives a way to ask what kind of attribute is under consideration. It should not automatically be taken as a substitute for every classification in modern natural sciences.
The source notes mention further subdivisions of quantity and quality, leaving detailed treatment of some branches to their specialist disciplines. The goal here is to define, recognize and distinguish the ten categories.
Keeping substance apart from accident, place from position, quantity from quality, and action from passion prepares the learner for later logical analysis.