LessonsNames, Definition, Subject Matter, and Aim of LogicQuiz

وكذا في النطق الباطني أعني الإدراك
Likewise, it affects inward speech, meaning cognition.

Inward speech is not audible speech. It is the mind's activity of grasping meanings and relating them correctly. One can misunderstand a definition or reach a sound inference without saying a word.

For example, “Every animal is human” differs from “Every human is an animal” in scope and inclusion, not in vocal elegance. Logic helps the mind distinguish these relations even in silence.

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The second reason: inward speech

Names, Definition, Subject Matter, and Aim of Logic

وكذا في النطق الباطني أعني الإدراك
Likewise, it affects inward speech, meaning cognition.

Inward speech is not audible speech. It is the mind's activity of grasping meanings and relating them correctly. One can misunderstand a definition or reach a sound inference without saying a word.

For example, “Every animal is human” differs from “Every human is an animal” in scope and inclusion, not in vocal elegance. Logic helps the mind distinguish these relations even in silence.