Mistake 1: assume an opposing statement that is not the true contradictory.
Mistake 2: fail to establish the necessary implication from the contradictory to the alleged impossibility.
Mistake 3: substitute an undesirable or unlikely result for an impossibility.
Mistake 4: affirm the antecedent from the consequent of a conditional.
A sound reductio avoids all four. Clearly identifying the first syllogism’s conclusion and the second syllogism’s exception makes the reasoning auditable.
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Qiyās al-Khalf: Compound Reductio, Impossibility and Proof of the Claim
Mistake 1: assume an opposing statement that is not the true contradictory.
Mistake 2: fail to establish the necessary implication from the contradictory to the alleged impossibility.
Mistake 3: substitute an undesirable or unlikely result for an impossibility.
Mistake 4: affirm the antecedent from the consequent of a conditional.
A sound reductio avoids all four. Clearly identifying the first syllogism’s conclusion and the second syllogism’s exception makes the reasoning auditable.