The three arts differ especially in the epistemic status and purpose of their premises.
ArtCharacteristic premisesMain role
BurhānCertain premisesDemonstrative knowledge
JadalCommonly accepted or concededDialectical challenge or defense
KhiṭābahAccepted or probableProbable persuasion
The same question can be discussed in all three ways, but the audience’s reaction does not by itself determine the actual strength of the argument.
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Rhetorical Syllogism: Accepted, Probable Premises and Persuasion
The three arts differ especially in the epistemic status and purpose of their premises.
ArtCharacteristic premisesMain role
BurhānCertain premisesDemonstrative knowledge
JadalCommonly accepted or concededDialectical challenge or defense
KhiṭābahAccepted or probableProbable persuasion
The same question can be discussed in all three ways, but the audience’s reaction does not by itself determine the actual strength of the argument.