LessonsThe Fourth Figure: Productive Conditions, Moods and ProofsQuiz

Minor: No reciter is an inanimate object.
Major: Every memorizer is a reciter.
Conclusion: No inanimate object is a memorizer.

The two premises are universal, one affirmative and one negative. Every memorizer is a reciter and no reciter is inanimate, so the endpoint classes cannot overlap.

The conclusion is universal negative. This shows why a blanket claim that the fourth figure can yield only particular conclusions would be mistaken.

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How a universal negative can arise

The Fourth Figure: Productive Conditions, Moods and Proofs

Minor: No reciter is an inanimate object.
Major: Every memorizer is a reciter.
Conclusion: No inanimate object is a memorizer.

The two premises are universal, one affirmative and one negative. Every memorizer is a reciter and no reciter is inanimate, so the endpoint classes cannot overlap.

The conclusion is universal negative. This shows why a blanket claim that the fourth figure can yield only particular conclusions would be mistaken.