Universal and Particular — Definitions and Practical Classification

Read-only question overview. Answers and scoring remain inside authenticated learner attempts.

• What is decisive in the book’s definition of a universal?
• What does “specified” mean in the definition of a particular?
• Why is “human being” universal?
• When it identifies one known person, what is “Zayd”?
• What is “horse” when it means the general kind?
• What is “this horse” when one horse is pointed out?
• With one student in the room, what is the concept “student”?
• What condition is needed for a concept to be universal?
• How is “this pen” classified when it singles out one pen?
• What is “pen” in its ordinary generic sense?
• What does logical “universal” essentially mean?
• What does logical “particular” refer to?
• What is “this entire house” when one house is meant?
• What distinguishes “horse” from “this horse”?
• If “Zayd’s servant” can apply to several servants, what is its conceptual scope?
• What is the best analysis of “my pen”?
• If “Kubra” is the proper name of one known woman, what is it?
• If one horse is named Badal, how do “horse” and that proper name differ?
• Which distinction concerns meaningful constituents of an expression?
• Which distinction asks whether a meaning applies to several individuals?
• When “human” is given as a bare term, what is it?
• How does “this human exists” differ as a complete expression?
• Which classification of “bird” is correct?
• When “this bird” indicates one known bird, what is it?
• Why is “physician” universal?
• Why can classifying “sun” require context?
• Which question best identifies a universal?
• Which question best identifies a particular?
• Why should “all horses” not simply be equated with “horse”?
• Why does “a person” not automatically become a logical particular?
• Why are a white and a black horse both horses?
• What distinction prepares for the next topic on essence?
• Why can “this pen” be particular even though it has multiple words?
• What is the basic contrast between Zayd and human?
• A concept can be universal even when just one instance currently exists.
• Every expression containing “this” must be particular without regard to context.
• Zayd used for one definite person is particular.
• “Zayd’s servant” must be particular because it is composite.
• The concept pen requires two pens on a table to be universal.
• All individuals under a universal must be alike in every property.
• A logical particular need not be a physically small part of something.
• Universal/particular and conception/judgment ask different questions.